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Date & Time2026-03-145 related articles

DATE Function in Excel

Build a valid Excel date from separate year, month, and day values.

Syntax

DATE(year, month, day)

Arguments

year

Required

The year portion of the date.

month

Required

The month portion of the date.

day

Required

The day portion of the date.

What it returns

Returns a valid Excel date serial number.

What DATE does

DATE combines year, month, and day values into a real Excel date. It is often safer than typing date text directly because it avoids ambiguity across locales and formats.

Practical examples

Build a date from separate cells

=DATE(A2,B2,C2)

This is useful when raw data stores years, months, and days in separate columns.

Find the last day of the previous month

=DATE(YEAR(A2),MONTH(A2),0)

Because Excel normalizes day values, day 0 rolls back to the prior month's final day.

Common mistakes and notes

DATE returns a number underneath

If the result looks like a serial number, the cell likely needs date formatting.

DATE handles overflow and underflow

Month values above 12 or day values outside the normal range roll into adjacent months automatically. That is powerful, but it can also conceal bad inputs.

Related functions

Related articles

Deep dives, troubleshooting guides, and practical examples that use DATE.

Official documentation