Excel Function Library

A comprehensive, searchable reference for Excel's most useful functions, connected directly to practical tutorials and deep dives from the article library.

Showing 56 of 56 functions

AND

Logical

2026-03-18

Return TRUE if all supplied conditions evaluate to TRUE.

Syntax

AND(logical1, [logical2], ...)
Used in 1 articleView reference

AVERAGE

Statistical

2026-03-18

Return the arithmetic mean of the numbers in a range or list of values.

Syntax

AVERAGE(number1, [number2], ...)
Used in 7 articlesView reference

AVERAGEIF

Statistical

2026-03-18

Return the average of values that meet one condition.

Syntax

AVERAGEIF(range, criteria, [average_range])
Used in 1 articleView reference

AVERAGEIFS

Statistical

2026-03-18

Return the average of values that meet multiple conditions.

Syntax

AVERAGEIFS(average_range, criteria_range1, criteria1, [criteria_range2, criteria2], ...)
Used in 0 articlesView reference

CONCAT

Text

2026-03-18

Join text from multiple cells or ranges into one string without adding a delimiter.

Syntax

CONCAT(text1, [text2], ...)
Used in 0 articlesView reference

CONCATENATE

Text

2026-03-18

Join multiple text values into a single text string.

Syntax

CONCATENATE(text1, [text2], ...)
Used in 5 articlesView reference

COPILOT

AI & Productivity

2026-03-14

Use a natural-language prompt directly in a cell to generate or transform content with Excel Copilot.

Syntax

COPILOT(prompt, [value])
Used in 5 articlesView reference

COUNT

Statistical

2026-03-18

Count how many cells contain numeric values.

Syntax

COUNT(value1, [value2], ...)
Used in 1 articleView reference

COUNTA

Statistical

2026-03-18

Count how many cells are not empty.

Syntax

COUNTA(value1, [value2], ...)
Used in 7 articlesView reference

COUNTBLANK

Statistical

2026-03-18

Count how many blank cells are in a range.

Syntax

COUNTBLANK(range)
Used in 0 articlesView reference

COUNTIF

Statistical

2026-03-18

Count the number of cells in a range that meet a single condition.

Syntax

COUNTIF(range, criteria)
Used in 3 articlesView reference

COUNTIFS

Statistical

2026-03-18

Count how many rows meet multiple criteria.

Syntax

COUNTIFS(criteria_range1, criteria1, [criteria_range2, criteria2]…)
Used in 0 articlesView reference

DATE

Date & Time

2026-03-18

Build a valid Excel date from separate year, month, and day values.

Syntax

DATE(year, month, day)
Used in 8 articlesView reference

DATEDIF

Date & Time

2026-03-14

Calculate the difference between two dates in years, months, days, or combinations of them.

Syntax

DATEDIF(start_date, end_date, unit)
Used in 2 articlesView reference

DAY

Date & Time

2026-03-18

Return the day number from a valid Excel date.

Syntax

DAY(serial_number)
Used in 4 articlesView reference

EOMONTH

Date & Time

2026-03-18

Return the last day of the month a given number of months before or after a start date.

Syntax

EOMONTH(start_date, months)
Used in 0 articlesView reference

FILTER

Lookup & Reference

2026-03-18

Return only the rows or columns in an array that meet criteria you define.

Syntax

FILTER(array, include, [if_empty])
Used in 2 articlesView reference

FIND

Text

2026-03-18

Return the starting position of one text string inside another, with case-sensitive matching.

Syntax

FIND(find_text, within_text, [start_num])
Used in 1 articleView reference

HLOOKUP

Lookup & Reference

2026-03-18

Search across the top row of a table and return a value from a specified row underneath it.

Syntax

HLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, row_index_num, [range_lookup])
Used in 4 articlesView reference

IF

Logical

2026-03-18

Test a condition and return one result for TRUE and another for FALSE.

Syntax

IF(logical_test, value_if_true, [value_if_false])
Used in 14 articlesView reference

IFS

Logical

2026-03-18

Evaluate multiple conditions and return the result for the first TRUE condition.

Syntax

IFS(logical_test1, value_if_true1, [logical_test2, value_if_true2], ...)
Used in 1 articleView reference

INDEX

Lookup & Reference

2026-03-18

Return a value from a range by row number, column number, or both.

Syntax

INDEX(array, row_num, [column_num])
Used in 18 articlesView reference

INDIRECT

Lookup

2026-03-18

Return the reference specified by a text string, allowing dynamic cell and range references.

Syntax

INDIRECT(ref_text, [a1])
Used in 1 articleView reference

ISNUMBER

Information

2026-03-23

Test whether a value is numeric in Excel and return TRUE or FALSE without coercing text numbers.

Syntax

ISNUMBER(value)
Used in 3 articlesView reference

LEFT

Text

2026-03-18

Return the first character or characters from a text string.

Syntax

LEFT(text, [num_chars])
Used in 3 articlesView reference

LEN

Text

2026-03-18

Return the number of characters in a text string.

Syntax

LEN(text)
Used in 2 articlesView reference

MATCH

Lookup & Reference

2026-03-18

Return the relative position of a value inside a row or column.

Syntax

MATCH(lookup_value, lookup_array, [match_type])
Used in 14 articlesView reference

MID

Text

2026-03-18

Return characters from the middle of a text string based on a start position and length.

Syntax

MID(text, start_num, num_chars)
Used in 4 articlesView reference

MOD

Math & Trig

2026-03-18

Return the remainder after a number is divided by a divisor.

Syntax

MOD(number, divisor)
Used in 8 articlesView reference

MONTH

Date & Time

2026-03-18

Return the month number from a valid Excel date.

Syntax

MONTH(serial_number)
Used in 3 articlesView reference

NETWORKDAYS

Date & Time

2026-03-18

Return the number of working days between two dates.

Syntax

NETWORKDAYS(start_date, end_date, [holidays])
Used in 2 articlesView reference

NOW

Date & Time

2026-03-14

Return the current date and time based on the workbook's latest recalculation.

Syntax

NOW()
Used in 6 articlesView reference

OFFSET

Lookup & Reference

2026-03-18

Return a reference shifted by a specified number of rows and columns from a starting point.

Syntax

OFFSET(reference, rows, cols, [height], [width])
Used in 16 articlesView reference

OR

Logical

2026-03-18

Return TRUE if any supplied condition evaluates to TRUE.

Syntax

OR(logical1, [logical2], ...)
Used in 2 articlesView reference

RIGHT

Text

2026-03-18

Return characters from the right end of a text string.

Syntax

RIGHT(text, [num_chars])
Used in 4 articlesView reference

ROUND

Math & Trig

2026-03-18

Round a number to a specified number of digits.

Syntax

ROUND(number, num_digits)
Used in 3 articlesView reference

SEARCH

Text

2026-03-18

Return the starting position of one text string inside another, without case-sensitive matching.

Syntax

SEARCH(find_text, within_text, [start_num])
Used in 1 articleView reference

SORT

Lookup & Reference

2026-03-18

Sort the contents of a range or array by one of its rows or columns.

Syntax

SORT(array, [sort_index], [sort_order], [by_col])
Used in 0 articlesView reference

SUM

Math & Trig

2026-03-18

Add numbers, cell references, and ranges together in a single formula.

Syntax

SUM(number1, [number2], ...)
Used in 15 articlesView reference

SUMIF

Math & Trig

2026-03-14

Add values that meet a single condition.

Syntax

SUMIF(range, criteria, [sum_range])
Used in 2 articlesView reference

SUMIFS

Math & Trig

2026-03-18

Add values that meet multiple conditions at the same time.

Syntax

SUMIFS(sum_range, criteria_range1, criteria1, [criteria_range2], [criteria2], ...)
Used in 9 articlesView reference

SWITCH

Logical

2026-03-18

Match an expression against a list of values and return the result for the first match.

Syntax

SWITCH(expression, value1, result1, [value2, result2], ..., [default])
Used in 1 articleView reference

TEXT

Text

2026-03-18

Convert a value to text using a custom number, date, or time format.

Syntax

TEXT(value, format_text)
Used in 8 articlesView reference

TEXTJOIN

Text

2026-03-18

Join text from multiple cells or ranges into one string with a delimiter you choose.

Syntax

TEXTJOIN(delimiter, ignore_empty, text1, [text2], …)
Used in 0 articlesView reference

TIME

Date & Time

2026-03-18

Build a valid Excel time value from hour, minute, and second components.

Syntax

TIME(hour, minute, second)
Used in 18 articlesView reference

TODAY

Date & Time

2026-03-18

Return the current date as a dynamic Excel date value.

Syntax

TODAY()
Used in 7 articlesView reference

TRIM

Text

2026-03-18

Remove extra spaces from text while leaving single spaces between words.

Syntax

TRIM(text)
Used in 11 articlesView reference

TRUNC

Math & Trig

2026-03-18

Truncate a number by removing digits without rounding the result.

Syntax

TRUNC(number, [num_digits])
Used in 3 articlesView reference

TYPE

Text

2026-03-18

Return a code that identifies the data type of a value.

Syntax

TYPE(value)
Used in 4 articlesView reference

UNIQUE

Lookup & Reference

2026-03-18

Return a list of distinct values from a range or array.

Syntax

UNIQUE(array, [by_col], [exactly_once])
Used in 0 articlesView reference

VALUE

Text

2026-03-18

Convert a text representation of a number, date, or time into a numeric Excel value.

Syntax

VALUE(text)
Used in 4 articlesView reference

VLOOKUP

Lookup & Reference

2026-03-14

Search for a value in the first column of a table and return a value from the same row.

Syntax

VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup])
Used in 11 articlesView reference

WEEKDAY

Date & Time

2026-03-14

Return the day-of-week number for a valid Excel date.

Syntax

WEEKDAY(serial_number, [return_type])
Used in 2 articlesView reference

WORKDAY

Date & Time

2026-03-18

Return a date that is a given number of working days before or after a start date.

Syntax

WORKDAY(start_date, days, [holidays])
Used in 0 articlesView reference

XLOOKUP

Lookup

2026-03-18

Search a range or array for a match and return a corresponding item from a second range or array.

Syntax

XLOOKUP(lookup_value, lookup_array, return_array, [if_not_found], [match_mode], [search_mode])
Used in 9 articlesView reference

YEAR

Date & Time

2026-03-18

Return the year from a valid Excel date.

Syntax

YEAR(serial_number)
Used in 5 articlesView reference